Abstract

STUDY ON USE OF CEPHALOSPORINS IN PEDIATRIC IN-PATIENTS AT KANTI CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL, KATHMANDU

Sapana Adhikari* and Sujan Adhikari

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The cephalosporin antibiotics have become a major part of the antibiotic formulary for hospitals in affluent countries and are mostly used drugs for infection cases. The objective of this study was to assess the use pattern of Cephalosporins among the Pediatric age group of 0-14 years in different ward of KCH (Medical, Surgical, Paying and Observation ward). Methodology: Data was collected from medication records of total 149 patient reported to the different Inpatient department. Cross-sectional study with Purposive sampling technique was used to select prescriptions to be used for the study among prescriptions taken to the different Inpatient department pharmacy. Data for this study was collected over a period of two month And analyzed using SPSS version 22 and Microsoft Excel 2007. Results: Out of 149 sample collected Males were more infected than female patients according to this study (77.9% were Male and 22.1% were female patients). The age group of range of 0-1(38.92%) were found more infected by infectious disease and treated with Cephalosporin. 54(36.2%) found to be highly diagnosed in Surgical ward followed by Paying ward 45(30.2%), General ward 39(26.2%) and Observation ward 11(7.4%). Most of the patients were prescribed with Ceftriaxone 71(47.7%), followed by Cefotaxime 50(33.6%), Cefixime 24(16.1%), Cefepime (1.3%) and Cefpodoxime (1.3%). The Pediatric population were found to be highly diagnosed with Respiratory tract infection (22.8%) in this finding, followed by Urogenital (21.5%), GI infection (16.1%) Kidney infection (10.1%), Blood disorder (9.4%), CNS infection (6.0%) and Fever (5.4%). Ceftriaxone was found mostly indicated in respiratory tract infection (13.4%), followed by GI tract infection (8.1%). Likewise, Cefixime was found mostly indicated in Urogenital cases (14.8%), Cefotaxime was found mostly indicated in case of Respiratory tract infection (8.7%) which hold second position in Respiratory disease prescribing drugs, Cefpodoxime was found prescribed in Kidney cases (1.3%) and Cefepime was found indicated in Blood disorder (0.7%), followed by Respiratoey tract infection(0.7%). The daily prescribed dose was found to be 1g per day in 70(47.0%) maximum patients and the mean dose per day was found to be 1.792g per day. The mostly prescribed route of drug was found to be IV in 123(82.6%) patient. The duration therapy was found to be high in the range of less than 5 days (45.6%) and the mean duration was found to be 1.7 days. Conclusion: The study concludes that Ceftriaxone was mostly used in Pediatric population which is third generation Cephalosporin.

Keywords: Cephalosporins, Indication, Dosage regeimen, Prescription, Antibiotics.