Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING STUDY IN LEAVES, ROOT AND STEM EXTRACTS OF ASCLEPIAS CURASSAVICA BY USING LC-MS METHOD ALONG WITH ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

G. Bhavani Devi, K. S. Ramya, P. Josthna and C. V. Naidu*

ABSTRACT

Asclepias curassavica plant is the most abundant medicinal plant, mostly consisting of secondary metabolites (glycosides and saponins). Furthermore, it contains various phenolic and acid derivatives which were identified by using LC-MS analysis. In addition, the leaf, stem, root extracts of the plant inhibited the growth of different microbes without harming the host resulted its application as therapeutic agent. Therefore, the present study was accomplished to examine the phytochemical screening by using LC-MS method, besides its antioxidant (DPPH activity) and antimicrobial activity of leaves, stem and root of different solvent (ethanol, methanol, petroleum ether and Aqueous) extracts by employing well disc diffusion method with bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Phytochemical profiling revealed the presence of 20 compounds each from the leaf and stem extracts whereas root consisted of 8 compounds. Among these, the main compounds were Vanillic acid, Hydroxytyrosol, Luteolin-3’-glucoside, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, Chlorogenic acid, Luteolin-7-o-rutinoside and Rutin. The ethanol and methanol extracts were found active alongside the tested bacteria as they showed potential phytochemical constituents. The bacteria, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis showed promising activity against ethanol and methanol leaf, stem and root extracts which proved that the plant extracts are potential candidates for antibiotic resistance against such bacteria. In addition, the Hydroxytyrosol compound present in leaf, stem and root extracts of the plant is a phenylethanoid which helps to improve cardiovascular health and cancer prevention.

Keywords: Asclepias curassavica, LC-MS, phytochemical screening, various extracts (ethanol, methanol, petroleum ether and aqueous), bioactive compounds.