Abstract

TRANEXAMIC ACID REDUCES BLOOD LOSS IN TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT SURGERY

C. Vaishnavi Devi, Sandhiya V.* and Shanmathi M.

ABSTRACT

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a pain-relieving and motor-function-preserving procedure for those with severe osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Patients with bilateral knee arthritis can have TKAs done simultaneously or in stages; the results of these two procedures have been hotly contested. There is only one procedure, anesthesia, hospitalization, recovery period, and analgesic regimen with simultaneous bilateral TKA. Antifibrinolytic medicines are the most well- known blood-saving strategy of the recent decade. The most often utilized antifibrinolytic drugs are TXA, ε-aminocaproic acid (EACA), and aprotinin. TXA and EACA are antifibrinolytics that bind both plasmin and plasminogen and have reversible lysine equivalents. Increased infection rates, metabolite abnormalities, hemolysis, and blood-borne diseases are among the dangers. The likelihood of a transfusion has decreased dramatically with the introduction of tranexamic acid. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a synthetic antifibrinolytic agent that competitively inhibits fibrinolysis by way of reversible blockage of the lysine binding websites of plasminogen, plasmin, and tissue plasminogen activator, thereby retarding fibrinolysis and blood clot degradation. Patients are considered to be at a high chance of VTE activities, inclusive of those with a history of stroke or VTE and people with cardiac stents. Conclusion: The use of Tranexamic acid is safe and effective in reducing the rate of bleeding and transfusion in patients operated on total knee replacement (TKR).

Keywords: Total knee replacement (TKR), Tranexamic acid (TXA), Pain, Blood loss, Osteoarthritis.