Abstract

A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON IMPACT OF HIGH FAT DIET AND SLEEP ON MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN EARLY ADULTS, CHENNAI, INDIA

S. Hariharan, Leena Muppa*, Sandhya Raghuraman, Z. Ahamed Rithabudin, Athira K., Gency Ann Raju and T. Raj Mahizhan

ABSTRACT

Memory is the ability to record, retain, and recall events, data and sensory stimuli, over a protracted orshort period of time. Mild Cognitive Impairment / Mild Neurocognitive Disorder, an intermediate state between normal aging and dementia is emerging as one of the most common clinical manifestations affecting elderly which can progress to dementia, mostly in the form of Alzheimer’s Disease. Mild Cognitive Impairment in early adult hood is the leading cause for the progression to Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Memory impairment is a process that occurs due to degeneration of neurons as well as aging. Studies with animal model reveals that high fat diet, sleep and depression can be risk factors for Mild Cognitive Impairment. People are accustomed to modern lifestyle and undergo the symptoms of Mild Cognitive Impairment, yet there is no full-fledged awareness on cognitive impairment. This study shows the prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in early adulthood (20-40years) with sedentary lifestyle in Chennai and evaluate the risk factors for Mild cognitive impairment. Online cross-sectional observational survey was conducted for 6 months. Snowball sampling or chain-referral sampling method was employed to select the participant and sample size was calculated using Epi-info software. Expected frequency was found to be 40% from previous pilot study. The assessment tools like Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment used for determination of Mild Cognitive Impairment cut off score, Insomnia Severity Index used to assess the quality of sleep, Centre for Epidemiological Studies-Depression used as Depression scale. Based on dietary reference intake, value of oil diet category was done. Statistical analysis done by binary logistic regression analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences V.24. Our analysis shows that the prevalence of Mild cognitive impairment in Chennai population is 37.5 % and risk of getting Mild Cognitive Impairment is very higher with high fat diet followed by sleep disturbances and lesser with depressive symptoms. Since Mild Cognitive Impairment is the initial stage, if we succeed in accessing it at the earliest, we can reverse the condition and prevent further progression by lifestyle management. This study has created awareness of Mild Cognitive Impairment along with prevalence rate and risk factor, so that they can manage healthy lifestyle which can lead to better mental health.

Keywords: Memory, Mild Cognitive impairment, Alzheimer Disease, Diet, Sleep, Depression, prevalence of Mild Cognitive impairment.