Abstract

A REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINATION AND ESTIMATION OF CHLORPROMAZINE BY USING DIFFERENT ANALYTICAL METHODS

J. Shambhavi Swatanthra and Sreelatha Gangu*

ABSTRACT

 Chlorpromazine (CPZ), marketed under the brand names Thorazine and Largactil among others, is an antipsychotic medication. It is primarily used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Other uses include the treatment of bipolar disorder, severe behavioral problems in children including those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, nausea and vomiting, anxiety before surgery, and hiccups that do not improve following other measures. It can be given by mouth, by injection into a muscle, or into a vein.  Chlorpromazine is in the typical antipsychotic class, and, chemically, is one of the phenothiazine. Its mechanism of action is not entirely clear but believed to be related to its ability as a dopamine antagonist. It also has anti-serotonergic and antihistamic properties.  Common side effects include movement problems, sleepiness, dry mouth, low blood pressure upon standing, and increased weight. Serious side effects may include the potentially permanent movement disorder tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, severe lowering of the seizure threshold, and low white blood cell levels. In older people with psychosis as a result of dementia it may increase the risk of death. It is unclear if it is safe for use in pregnancy.  Chlorpromazine is used in the treatment of both acute and chronic psychoses, including schizophrenia and the manic phase of bipolar disorder, as well as amphetamine-induced psychosis.  In a 2013 comparison of 15 antipsychotics in schizophrenia, chlorpromazine demonstrated mild-standard effectiveness. It was 13% more effective than Lurasidone and Iloperidone, approximately as effective as Ziprasidone and Asenapine, and 12–16% less effective than haloperidol, Quetiapine, and Aripiprazole.

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