Abstract

STUDY OF CLINICAL PROFILES AND THE MAGNITUDE OF RISK FACTORS OF STROKE PATIENTS IN TERITARY CARE HOSPITALS-A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

A. Vineeth*, M. Sucharitha, K. Jagadamba, M. Anil Kumar, P. Sazeeda Begum and P. Sivaram

ABSTRACT

Stroke is the 2nd most leading cause of deaths in the world. Among all deaths in India, the deaths caused by stroke are almost 1.2% of total deaths in the country. Uncontrolled BP, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, carotid artery stenosis, smoking, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are the major risk factors leading to stroke. Ischemic stroke is the major type of stroke affected to the people of around 40-70 years aged group. The type of study is Prospective observational study which was conducted among 150 patients who are diagnosed with stroke and hospitalized for longer period by following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Overall, 150 patients included in the study 91 are males and 58 are female patients with P value of 0.001 for both male and female patients. Most of the patients are in between 61-70 years of age followed by 41-50 years, 30-40 years, 71-80 years and 81-90 years. Education and are of residence don’t affect the occurrence of stroke. Patients who are alcoholics and smokers are mostly affected with stroke severely. 124 (83%) patients are with mixed diet while 26 (17%) patients follow vegetarian diet. MRI, Carotid doppler study, CT scan, 2D echo are the mostly using diagnostic techniques. Ischemic stroke is more prevalent type of stroke with 138 (92%) patients than hemorrhagic stroke with 12 (8%) of patients. 123 patients are diagnosed with primary attack of stroke and 27 patients are with secondary attack of stroke with 86 and 60 patients are affected in right and left side areas of brain respectively. The lipid profile shows that only 10 patients are with abnormal levels of HDL; 8 patients with abnormal LDL levels and 11 patients with abnormal VLDL levels. Patients who have paralysis are 38 patients with hemiplegia; 7 with monoplegia; 1 with paraplegia and 1 with quadriplegia respectively. The study shows that 53% patients are with mild cognitive impairment, 35% patients with mild and 1% patients with severe cognitive impairment. Affected patients (97 patients) are doing regular physiotherapy. The results shows that Age, Hypertension (HTN) (30 patients), Diabetes mellitus (HTN) (11 patients), both HTN and DM (43 patients), alcoholism, smoking and hyperlipidaemia are more predominant risk factors. Our study concluded that ischemic type of stroke cases is higher than hemorrhagic stroke cases. The study also shows that people who are alcoholics, smokers and patients with co morbid conditions like hypertension, diabetes are at more risk.

Keywords: Stroke, ischemic stroke, Hemorrhagic stroke, clinical profile, risk factor, prospective study.