Abstract

INFLUENCE OF HARVESTING SITES ON THE ANTIHYPERTENSIF EFFECTS OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF LIPPIA MULTIFLORA MOLDENKE (VERBENACEAE) IN BENIN

Clément Dossa Gandonou*, Kossi Jean-Marie Denis Tokoudagba, Hippolyte Ganse Houehoume, Louis Fagbohoun, Lamine Saïd Baba-Moussa and Hyacinthe Ahissou

ABSTRACT

A comparative study of the major compounds was carried out despite the great diversity of the constituents characteristic of the essential oil of Lippia multiflora. It was interested to note the imprint that makes each locality with the chemical characters of the gasoline. The variation in the chemical composition of essential oils, was depended on many factors such as the method used, the parts of the plant used, the products and reagents used in the extraction, the environment, the genotype of the plant, the geographic origin, harvest period of the plant, degree of drying, drying conditions, temperature and drying time and the presence of pests, viruses and weeds. The effects of essential oils of Lippia multiflora were evaluated in Wistar rats on arterial pressure (BP) and on heart rate (HR). Administration of L-NAME was caused a significant increase in SBP in rats from 142.4 mmHg (D0) to 172.4 mmHg (D8) and from 122.8 mmHg (D0) to 138.6 mmHg (D8) respectively for the positive control batch and the batch subsequently treated with essential oil. Administration of the essential oil from D8 to D29 was caused a significant decrease in the SBP of the rats from 140 mmHg (D8) to 122.4 mmHg (D29). This decrease was markedly lower than that of the untreated rats which is 150.5 mmHg (D29). The administration of L-NAME was caused a significant increase in the DBP of the rats going from 93.8 mmHg (D0) to 137.5 mmHg (D8) and from 92.5 mmHg (D0) to 136.75 mmHg (D8) respectively for the positive control batch and the batch subsequently treated with essential oil.. The administration of the essential oil from D8 to D29 was caused a significant decrease in the DBP of the rats going from 136.75 mmHg (D8) to 99.8 mmHg (D29) and finally the administration of L-NAME caused a significant increase in the MAP of the rats going from 109.25 mmHg (D0) to 159.75 mmHg (D8) and from 99.8 mmHg (D0) to 151.25 mmHg (D8) respectively for the positive control group and the batch then treated with the raw extract). Administration of the essential oil from D8 to D29 was caused a significant decrease in the AMP of the rats, dropping from 151.25 mmHg (D8) to 114 mmHg (D29) (p <0.05). These effects could be justify the use of this plant in traditional medicine in the treatment of high blood pressure.

Keywords: Lippia multiflora, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, essential oil, losartan.