Abstract

A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW OF LITERATURE OF CAUSES OF INFERTILITY (VANDHYATVA)

Dr. Madhuri Sanjay Bhalgat* and Dr. Priyanka Raghunath Bhalerao

ABSTRACT

One of the major rising problems in present era is the increase in population. Inspite of promotion of family planning methods by government, it is still a pertaining problem in our society. The population of India was estimated to be 1.34 billion [as per Jan 2017]. This is an increase of 1.26% compared to last year. Although India has a long history of promoting family planning and despite the recent advancements in contraceptive advices, the need for family planning remains higher than anywhere else in world. (as estimated by demographic studies India would be the first highly populated country in the world by 2050) Today, there is a pressing need for limiting the family size at personal level and control population at national level. The need of birth control has a risened through increased cost of living, scarcity of accommodation, a desire for better education to children in the present competitive world and an overall desire for an improved standard of living. Population control is mandatory at national level too, as it causes an increased demand for food, shelter and successful implementation of National programmes. One of the Effective remedy to check the overgrowth of population is to control the birth rate and Contraception is the only “Tool” which can control the fertility rate. Contraception is of two types, permanent and temporary. The permanent method of contraception is adopted when the couple do not need further issues. Temporary method is employed to space or postpone the pregnancies. Barrier contraceptives, chemical contraceptives and Steroidal contraceptives are different methods of temporary contraception. Steroidal contraceptives are most popularly used temporary contraceptives owing to the less failure rate. 100% contraception can be achieved with proper use . Hormone based contraceptive medicines cause adverse effects like weight gain, nausea, headache, cervical cancer, carcinoma of breast, deep vein thrombosis. Now a days very low dose contraceptives are available but these too have adverse effect on the health of the lady. Hence there is a need for the availance of contraceptive measures which are free from adverse effects, more effective, easily available and cheaper.

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