Abstract

ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE AMONG ANAEROBIC PATHOGENS CAUSING HUMAN PERIODONTITIS

*Mohemid M Al-Jebouri and Hadeel M Al-Hadeethy

ABSTRACT

Background:Periodontal disease could be defined as a disorder of supporting structures of teeth, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Periodontal disease develops from a preexisting gingivitis. However, not every case of gingivitis develops into a periodontal disease. The inflammation of gingiva alone is termed gingivitis, and the severe inflammation of the periodontal ligament with destruction of alveolar bone is called periodontal disease. Methods: One hundred eighteen samples were examined in the present study. Samples were obtained from periodontal pockets A plaque sample was inoculated onto different agar plates selected for anaerobic isolations. Periodontal pathogens were identified utilizing conventional methods, API RapID ANA system II , API 20A ,and Vitek2 ANC systems. Fifteen antibiotics were tested for their effectiveness on the various anaerobic bacteria isolated utilizing brucella blood agar plates disc diffusion methods. Results: peptostreptococcus prevotii , prevotella intermedia, prevotella melani , prevotella disiens, Bifidobacterium sp., Fusibacterium mortiferum peptostreptococcus tetradius ,and Wolinella sp. fusibacterium varium ,vellionella sp., campylobacter gracilis, capnocytophaga sp. ,peptostreptococcus magnus ,peptostreptococcus micros ,peptostreptococcus niger,peptostreptococcus anaerobius , staphylococcus saccharolyticus , streptococcus consellatus , and gemella morbillorum were the most common anaerobic periodontal pathogens isolated from patients in the present study.The bacteria isolated were generally highly sensitive to Imipeneme ,erythromcin , doxycycline, amoxycillin ,pipracillin, rodgyle ,spiromycin ,clindamycin , cephalexin ,cephalothin ,tetracycline and augmentin. Conclusion:The present study showed that 19 different species were responsible for the periodontal infections and the most common pathogens were Peptostreptococcus prevotii, Vellionella sp. and Fusibacterium varium.The antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that these pathogens were generally sensitive to a wide range of chemotherapeutic antibiotics including Imipeneme ,erythromcin , doxycycline, amoxycillin ,pipracillin, rodgyle ,spiromycin ,clindamycin , cephalexin ,cephalothin ,tetracycline and augmentin.Periodontal anaerobic pathogens were very difficult to be isolated and timeconsuming work but it worths doing for the seek of oral health and economy.

Keywords: Periodontitis,anaerobic pathogens,antibiotics susceptibility.