Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIDIABETIC STUDIES OF METHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF SANSEVIERIA LIBERICA GER. AND LABR. USING GC-FID, FT-IR, GC-MS AND HPLC ANALYSIS.

Hope Morris Nchekwube Ifebi*, Felix Ahamefule Onyegbule, Charity Chinasa Ezea, Chibueze Jeremiah Ike, Onyeka Udemezue and Henrietta Chinenye Nedum

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The present study was carried out to identify the bioactive compounds present in methanol leave extract of Sansevieria liberica using chromatographic techniques, which may provide an insight in its use in traditional medicine as an antidiabetic agent. Aims: The purpose of this study is to monitor the phytochemical constituents with antidiabetic potential in the S. liberica leaf. Methods: S. liberica leaf was extracted with methanol at room temperature for 72 h, the extract was fractionated using liquid-liquid partitioning to obtain n-hexane, ethylacetate and n-butanol fractions. Phytochemical analyses and antidiabetic activities using alloxan-nicotinamide induced diabetic mice model of the extract/fractions were determined using standard procedures. Further purification of the most active fraction was carried out using vacuum liquid chromatography, and their antidiabetic activity analyzed. The constituents of the most active sub-fraction were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Results: The extract and ethylacetate fraction at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction of the blood glucose levels of 83 and 67.60 %, 58.78 and 78.5% respectively after 21 days. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids and glycosides. Analyses on the most active sub-fractions revealed the presence of compounds with known antidiabetic activity including vanillic acid, palmitic acid, ellagic acid and hyperin. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the leaves of S. liberica possess antidiabetic activity which may be due to its bioactive constituents.

Keywords: Phytocompounds, S. liberica Ger. and Labr., GC-MS, FT-IR, HPLC and GC-FID.