Abstract

ANTIBACTERIAL RESISTANCE: TREND IN A FEW POULTRY FARMS OF THE WOURI DIVISION, LITTORAL CAMEROON

Clément Ngandjui Yonga, Roland Nankam Chimi*, Pierre René Fotsing Kwetché, Prudence Armelle Kouengoua Kouengoua, Arouna Njayou Ngapagna, Anselme Michel Yawat Djogang, O’Neal Dorsel Youté, Pascal Blaise Well à Well à Koul, Christelle Ntougue Defo, Fride Ursula Zegang Tchapda, William Lerolel Nankam Nguekap and Jean Michel Tekam

ABSTRACT

This work was initiated to collect useful information on bacterial communities on farms, the types of antimicrobial agents used and the susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from broiler farms in the Wouri Division in order to document for useful purposes the trend of bacterial resistance to antibacterial agents in poultry farms. Droopings, drinking water, animal feed and farmers’ fingerprints were collected from nine farms in three Subdivision of Douala city (Wouri Division, Cameroon). These specimens underwent microbiological identification and susceptibility tests according to standard protocols (REMIC 2018) and "Comité de l’Antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie, EUCAST for veterinary medicine 2018’’. The results show that the antibiotics commonly used in broiler chicken farms in the
Wouri Division are Oxytetracycline, Enrofloxacin, Tetracolivit, Tylosin and Colistin. The most common bacterial isolates belonged to two families: Enterobacteriaceae, and Staphylococcaceae, whose members are powerful vectors for the selection and dissemination of resistance traits and aetiologies of zoonotic infections. Resistance to antibiotics like Aztreonam (91%), Ceftriaxon (90%), Trimethroprime/Sulphametozaxole (87%), Cefuroxim (86%), Tetracyclin (85%), Amoxicillin (83%), Erythromycin (83%), Ceftazidim (82%), Nalidixic acid (73%) and Nitrofurantoin (72%) were frequent and consistently high, regardless of the group of bacteria targeted. Overall, the families of frequently used antibacterial agents are more affected by resistance. Although this problem is not yet solved, the rates of isolation and resistance could help predict that the economic burden due to animal and human infections related to animal production could be significantly high.

Keywords: Bacteria, Antibacterial resistance, Profile, Broiler poultry farm, Wouri Division, Cameroon.