Abstract

A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON INFLUENCE OF SPECIFIC RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AND THEIR TREATMENT

Surya M. P.*, Bentolhoda Sadeghi, Anitha Vani M. and K. A. Sridhar

ABSTRACT

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally. The major risk factors for the development of CVDs are age, sex, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, obesity, family history, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. To study the influence of specific risk factors in patients with cardiovascular diseases and their treatment. This prospective and observational study was carried out using the data of 97 patients with cardiovascular diseases by enrolling the subjects based on inclusion and exclusion criteria by using a suitable descriptive analysis. Among the 97 patients included in the study, 62.08% were male & 32.01% were female. 65.96% of the subjects were found to be diagnosed with Ischemic heart disease. Analysis of modifiable risk factors revealed that 80.41% subjects had HTN, 76.28% of DM and 22.68% of dyslipidemia. BMI Analysis showed that the majority of 46.39% of subjects were overweight and 20.61% were obese. Evaluation of modifiable risk factors showed, 38.80% of subjects were on monotherapy with beta-blockers and 2.91% were using the combination of ACEIs+Beta blockers as Antihypertensives. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors like Rosuvastatin were used in 39.77% of subjects and Atorvastatin in 26.19% of subjects, following which antiplatelet agents like Aspirin 29.1% and Clopidogrel 27.16% were most commonly prescribed. Anticoagulants like Enoxaparin Sodium 16.49% of the subjects and Antifibrinolytics like Tranexamic acid 0.97% of subjects to prevent further complications of CVD. Our study found that around 65% of the people are diagnosed with IHD and HTN, DM, and dyslipidemia, which seem to be the most common modifiable risk factors. The influence of specific risk factors and their treatment for modifiable risk factors is often determined by a multidisciplinary team. Hence, the management of risk factors is highly necessary to prevent further worsening of cardiovascular events.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, risk factors, Multidisciplinary treatment.