Abstract

AN OVERVEIW OF NANO CARRIES IN TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Anuroop U. P.*, Ajith Babu T. K., Karthikeyan N., Fathimath Thasneem C. H., Shajeeh Abdhulla and Varsha T. P.

ABSTRACT

Infectious diseases are a worldwide health concern. Infectious diseases like AIDS, tuberculosis had been threat to the mankind and the treatment for such diseases over the years had made the pathogens resistant to the drug therapy. Common fact that many new drugs and technologies have been developed to combat the infectious diseases, these have continued to be global health challenges. The use of conventional antimicrobial agents against these infections is always associated with problems such as the development of multiple drug resistance and adverse side effects. In addition, the inefficient traditional drug delivery system results in inadequate therapeutic index, low bioavailability of drugs and many other limitations. Emerging infectious diseases and the increase in incidence of drug resistance among pathogenic bacteria have made the search for new antimicrobials inevitable. Nano pharmaceuticals can be used to detect diseases at much earlier stages. Although for pharmaceutical use the current requirements seem to be adequate to detect most of the adverse effects of nanoparticle formulations, it cannot be expected that all aspects of nanoparticle toxicology will be detected. So, probably additional more specific testing would be needed. Current evidence unequivocally demonstrates that infectious diseases are largely preventable. These diseases can be effectively treated and controlled. This review also focused on the development of nanoparticle systems for antimicrobial drug delivery and use of these systems for delivery of various antimicrobial agents, about modern nanoparticle based therapeutic strategies against the infections. Application of Nanotechnology in various fields such as health and medicine, electronics, energy and environment has also seen in this review. Nano particles in drug delivery, protein and peptide delivery, cancer therapy such as carbon nano-tube, dendrimers, nano-crystal, nano-wire, nano-shells etc. are also been discussed.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Infectious diseases.