Abstract

CLINICAL INVESTIGATION OF ANEMIC SYNDROME IN ADULT PATIENTS

Petar Y. Atanasov*, Stefka A. Ivanova and Valentina B. Petkova

ABSTRACT

The presence of anemia in adults, with or without acute disease, leads to an increased risk of development of Alzheimer's, depressive syndrome, acute delirium, syncope and mortality, impairs cognitive function, and progressively reduces physical capacity. The aim of current study was the assessment of clinical investigated anemiic syndrome in elderly patients. The obtained resultds showed that the etiological profile of anemia in emergency patients over 80 years of age includes chronic inflammation, iron and vitamin B12 deficiency, mixed type of anemia and unspecified causes. In mixed type anemia, the leading combination of causes is chronic renal failure and chronic inflammation. Regardless of the pathophysiological etiological cause the anemic sindroma predominate in the group of womеn. With increasing of age, the incidence of anemia increases from 38.98% in patients aged 80-89 years to 44% in patients over 90 years, and is higher in women than in men. The results show that whit the highest incidence is mixed type of anemia (52.3%) and like a reason for this type anemia the dominant combination is chronic renal failure and chronic inflammation (24.5%). With the highest incidence is normocytic (61.9%), followed by microcytic (26.8%) and macrocytic anemia (11.3%). Patients with anemia have an increased number of concomitant diseases: with the highest incidence is chronic renal failure (65.6%), followed by malignant neoplasms and ischemic heart disease with manifestations of heart failure. In patients over 80 years, the presence of anemia is associated with a twofold increase in mortality, which is higher in women (62.8%) compared to 37.2% in men.

Keywords: anemic syndrome, elderly patients, clinocal invetogation.