PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF FAGONIA SPECIES: A REVIEW
Veena S. Kasture, Seema A. Gosavi, Jyoti B. Kolpe*, Sharaddha G. Deshapande
ABSTRACT
Fagonia species is a tropical herb belonging to family Zygophyllaceae,
found in the entire Indian subcontinent. Fagonia arabica is popular in
India and commonly known as ‘Dhamasa’ in Marathi language.
Dhamasa is one of the ingredients of ayurvedic medicine, used as
antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant &
thrombolytic. As Dhamasa is major ingredient of many ayurvedic
medicines, its identification is more important for evaluation of
antihypertensive activity for which it is mostly used in ayurvedic
medicines. The identification of drug involves the morphology and
microscopical parameters. The evaluation parameters for plant based
drugs as per official guidelines are, physical, chemical and biological
evaluation. The active chemical constituents of Fagonia species are
carbohydrates, flavonoid, glycosides, steroids, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoidal glycosides,
amino acids, Chlorides, Sulphates, Anthraquinones, Irodoids, Cyanogenic glycosides and
Coumarin. The triterpenoidal glycosides and Flavonoids were isolated & chemical structures
established from aerial parts of F. arabica and indica respectively. The reported
pharmacological activity of Fagonia species are anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral,
analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic as a coolant, used for skin diseases, and urinary
tract infections, as antioxidant and thrombolytic. This review gives a focus mainly on the
biological activities of the Fagonia Species and some of their isolated compounds, their
pharmacological actions, clinical studies and medicinal applications of Fagonia along with
their safety evaluation.
Keywords: Standardization, Fagonia species, Antioxidant, Thrombolytic, synergistic , Antiinflammatory activity
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