Abstract

DIAGNOSIS OF ANEMIA USING MULTIPLE RBCS PARAMETER IN INFANT

Hanif Azad*, Chetan Kumar Joshi, Mukesh Sharma and Asif Anas

ABSTRACT

The term anemia is used when number of active red blood cells (RBCs) decrease in circulating blood which leads high morbidity and mortality world over. It is observed that 33% of world population is affected with amemia especially in children. The major cause of this anemia impact are systemic etiologies, nutritional, iron deficiency, chronic kidney disease, schistosomiasis and malaria. There are many forms of anemia, each with its own cause. Anemia can be temporary or long term, and it can range from mild to severe. There are some other factors that also participate in high morbidity of anemia i.e. sickle cell disease (SCD) and thalassemia. The molecular mechanisms of RBC homeostasis and their mode in human disease was recently identified. This discovery was helpful in the identification of several novel drugs. We have calculated percentage of RBCs in 100 subjects with 23 control subjects. We have also calculated M.C.V., M.C.H., M.C.H.C., RDW-CV, Mentzer Index (M.I), and Microcytic hypochromic RBCs counts in this study. We observed that the hematological profile of test subjects having moderate to severe anemia, it is also observed that values of Mean Corpuscular Volume, Mean Corpuscular Hb and MCHC are reduced in most of the test subjects having anemia. The reduction of MCV, MCH and MCHC indicates that microcytic- hypochromic anemia is most common type of anemia. Microcytic- hypochromic type of Red Blood Cells in anemia with increased value of Red cell Distribution Width-Coefficient of Variation (RDW-CV) and Mentzer Index (values more than 13) indicates that iron deficiency is most common causative factor of anemia in children.

Keywords: Anemia, Hemoglobin, Iron deficiency, Mean Corpuscular Volume, Mean orpuscular Hemoglobin.