Abstract

A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON BACTERIAL RESISTANCE PROFILE AND ANTIBIOTIC USAGE AMONG DIABETIC PATIENT IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Shameem Ali V. T.*, Fawas Mundekatt and Renjith J.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Infectious diseases are more prevalent in individuals with DM. The main pathogenic mechanism is hyperglycemic environment increasing the virulence of some pathogens. Some infections almost always affect only diabetic persons, such as malignant external otitis, rhinocerebral mucormycosis, and gangrenous cholecystitis. In addition to being potentially more serious, infectious diseases in DM may result in metabolic complications such as hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, and coma. Antibiotic resistance has emerged due to its frequent use. Higher antibiotic resistance rates in diabetic patients compared with those without DM have been reported in some studies. In Indian outpatients with chronic wounds, most (70%) antibiotic-resistant bacteria were isolated from diabetic patients. Methodology: Relevant details of patients having diabetes mellitus with any type of infection admitted in a tertiary care hospital, information were collected by use of a data entry form. All relevant data (which includes infections, antibiotic usage and culture report) of the patient were collected. Result: In this study more common infection was UTI (40.7%) and sensitivity test done, in more patients were found that urine culture (59.4%) the type of organism was gram negative, and the organism founds E-Coli(48.64%). In this study antibiotic cefoperazone sulbactum was prescribed by 75 (73%) patients, out of this only 12 patients who shows resistance. E-coli was more resistant to cefuroxime (17 times out of 18 times), it was more when compared to other. Conclusion: From this study it is concluded that urinary tract infection is more predominant than other infections and also found that most widely used antibiotic was cefoperazone sulbactum and the major causative organism were found to be gram negative which was E coli. E- coli shown more resistant to cefuroxime. So cefoperazone sulbactum can be given as prophylaxis and sensitivity test can do if necessary.

Keywords: Infection, antibiotic, sensitivity test, resistant.