Abstract

A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON NEONATAL RESPIRATORY DISTRESS AT VARIOUS HOSPITALS, PALAKKAD

Pooja*, Dr. C. I. Sajeeth and Dr. Sr. Reena Rose MD

ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess the prevalence, causes, risk factors, severity, management and outcome of respiratory distress in neonates. Method: 149 neonates was included in the study, the neonatal and maternal history was taken in data entry form and followed up till discharge. Result: Prevalence rate was 5.62% of all hospital delivery. Major causes of respiratory distress was Transient tachypnea of newborn (48.99%) and Respiratory distress syndrome (14.09%). Male sex constituted about 66% than female 34%. 44.29% of newborn was early term and 29.53% was preterm. Majority of the neonates was of low birth weight, less than 2.5 Kg. Cesarean delivery (72.48%) was on high rate. Mothers’ had various maternal complication like PROM, oligohydraminos, meconium staining, pregnancy induced hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus etc. 61.07% had oxygen therapy, 10.73% was given CPAP and 28.18% was mechanically ventilated due to increased severity. 4.08% received surfactant due to respiratory distress syndrome and 58.38% managed with antibiotic. Mortality rate was 3.5%. Conclusion: Maternal complication, low birth weight and cesarean section delivery pose significant risk factors to respiratory distress in neonates. Early recognition and proper antenatal care would help in improving the condition in neonates.

Keywords: Respiratory distress syndrome, Transient tachypnea of new born, neonates, ventilation, surfactant and meconium stained amniotic fluid, Continues positive airway pressure (CPAP).