Abstract

A REVIEW ON ADVANCES IN STEM CELL THERAPY IN REGENERATIVE MEDICINE

Keerthi Bastati*, Abhigna Thotakura, Fathima Khatoon Shaik, Nikitha Yadavalli, Vyshnavi Biradavolu and Padmalatha Kantamaneni

ABSTRACT

The field of regenerative medicine has been completely transformed by developments in stem cell therapy, which have opened up new treatment options for a number of crippling illnesses. Because they can develop into numerous cell types and aid in tissue repair, stem cells have special regenerative potential. Enhancing the effectiveness of stem cell-based therapies has been the focus of recent studies, especially in the fields of organ repair, tissue regeneration, and the management of chronic illnesses. The creation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are reprogrammed somatic cells that maintain the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types without the ethical issues surrounding embryonic stem cells, is one of the major breakthroughs. Furthermore, because of their immunomodulatory qualities and capacity to aid in healing, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated promise in the treatment of diseases like osteoarthritis, heart disease, and neurological problems. Recent developments also demonstrate how gene editing methods, such CRISPR-Cas9, can improve stem cell treatments by fixing genetic flaws in illnesses like muscular dystrophy and cystic fibrosis. Additionally, tissue engineering has advanced, as scientists have produced 3D bioprinted organoids and tissues to enable customized therapies and lower transplant rejection. Notwithstanding these promising advancements, obstacles still exist, such as the possibility of tumor development, immunological rejection, and the requirement for more efficient delivery systems. To overcome these obstacles and fully realize the potential of stem cell therapies in regenerative medicine, more research and clinical trials are essential.

Keywords: Stem cell therapy, regenerative medicine, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), tissue engineering, gene editing, CRISPR, immune modulation, tissue repair, therapeutic potential.