Abstract

DEPRESSION: A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW OF ITS CLASSIFICATION, IMPACT, AND TREATMENT APPROACHES

Nidhi, *Brijesh Kumar Duvey, Ravinder Kaur and Anurag Bhargava

ABSTRACT

Depression often co-occurs with a range of other medical and psychiatric conditions, complicating its diagnosis and treatment. This integrative review examines the prevalence, mechanisms, and implications of comorbid conditions associated with depression. Conditions frequently comorbid with depression include anxiety disorders, substance abuse, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic pain. The review explores the bidirectional relationships between depression and these comorbidities, highlighting shared genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors. The impact of comorbid conditions on the course and prognosis of depression is also discussed, underscoring the importance of comprehensive treatment approaches that address multiple conditions simultaneously. This review calls for increased awareness and research on the interplay between depression and its comorbidities to improve patient outcomes through holistic and integrated care strategies.

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