Abstract

PROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM AND ALLIUM SATIVUM EXTRACTS AGAINST HYPERLIPIDEAMIA AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS WITH SODIUM ARSENITE INDUCED TOXICITY

Usoh I. F., *Akwa N. E., Oyebadejo S. A. and Ekpo N.D.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed at assessing the antioxidative and anti-hyperlipidemic effect of combined extract of GongronemalatifolliumandAllium sativumon Sodium Arsenite Induced Toxicity in Rats. Fifty male wistar rats weighing between 115 and 280g were fed and sustained with commercial rat pellets. Animals were randomized into ten groups of five each. Group 1were normal animals without plant extracts and not induced. Groups 2, 3 and 4 animals were administered with plant extracts and 10mg/kg bd.w of sodium Arsenite intraperitoneally on day 1 only, day 1 -7 and day 7 only respectively to induce toxicity. Groups 5 and 6 animals were given 200 mg/kg bd.w of Gongronema latifolium and Allium sativum respectively through oral gavaging from day 1 to 6 and 10mg/kg b.d.w of sodium arsenite intraperitoneally on day 7. Group 7 animals were given 100 mg/kg bd.w each of Gongronema latifolium and Allium sativum through oral gavaging from day 1 to 6 and 10mg/kg body weight of sodium arsenite intraperitoneally on day 7. Groups 8 and 9 animals administered with 200 mg/kg bd.w of Gongronema latifolium and Allium sativum respectively through oral gavaging from day 1 to 7 without sodium arsenite administration. Group 10 animals were given 100 mg/kg bd.w each of Gongronema latifolium and Allium sativum through oral gavaging from day 1 to 7 without sodium arsenite administration. 24 hours after following last administration, blood was collected via cardiac puncture into plain tubes. Serum was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes. Lipid profile and anti-oxidative stress indicators were assayed. Total cholesterol was remarkably low in animals given plant extracts before administration of the toxicant when compared to those that were administered with different regiments of the toxicant alone. Triacylglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol levels showed similar trend except for the group that had Gongronema latifolium extract given before administration of toxicant where significantly p(<0.05) higher value of these parameters were recorded compared to what was obtained in other groups. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), vitamin A and Vitamin C that were remarkably low in animals that were administered 10mg/kg bd.w of sodium arseniteintraperitoneally only were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the animals that had the plant extracts before the administration of the toxicant. Malonyldealdehyde (MDA) had a reverse trend. In conclusion, findings indicate that the plants extracts in both combined and non- combined forms has a protective effect against oxidative stress induced by Sodium Arsenite poisoning and may also protect against hyperlipideamia induced by the same toxicant. Further investigation is however, strongly recommended.

Keywords: Anti-oxidative, anti-hyperlipidemia, Gongronema latifolium, Allium sativum, Sodium Arsenite, toxicity.