Abstract

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL ETHANOLIC ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM THE MEDICINAL PLANT PISONIA GRANDIS R.Br

*G. Pradheesh, J. Suresh, S. Suresh and V. Alexramani

ABSTRACT

To explore the secondary metabolites and various phytochemical constituents from ethanolic extract of the medicinal plant Pisonia grandis R. Br using spot tests and GC-MS analysis. To evaluate the percentage of inhibition for the ethanolic plant extract with some selective bacteria’s (gram positive and gram negative) and with fungal species. 5 g dried powdered sample of Pisonia grandis R.Br was soaked in 50 ml of ethanol (100%). The filtrate was used for preliminary screening of secondary metabolites and further 25 g of dried plant powder was subjected to extraction with 300 mL of ethanol for 8 hr (64-80°C) using Soxhlet apparatus. The leaf extract so obtained was concentrated by distillation. Then the crude extract was taken for GC-MS and antimicrobial studies. The preliminary screening showed the presence of 6 secondary metabolites namely alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, oxalate and chlorogenic acid. GC-MS analysis has shown the existence of 50 compounds in the plant extract. Out of these 50 compounds 2-[2'-(N-phthalimido) ethoxy] phenylacetic acid and methyl 2-[2'-(N-phthalimido) ethoxy] phenylacetate found to be in major proportion on the basis of peak area percentage. Mome Inositol, Phytol, 13-Docosenamide and Corymotine found to be in major proportion on the basis of matching probability with compounds from NIST in built data base. The anti-bacterial test results has shown that ethanolic extract has a better potential anti-bacterial activity against S. aureus compared to other bacterial strains. The plant extract has good percentage of inhibition against the fungal species A. niger compared to C. albicans. This study helps to predict the formula and structure of active molecules which can be used as drugs. This result also enhances the traditional usage of Pisonia grandis R. Br which possesses a number of bioactive compounds.

Keywords: Pisonia grandis R. Br, Preliminary screening, GC-MS Analysis, Ethanolic Extract & Antimicrobial Activity.