REVIEW ON ANTIDIABETIC MEDICINAL PLANTS
Hariprasad. R*, Kandasamy, C.S., Krishna Kumar, N, Shalavudeen Mohamed Akbar, S., Jegadeesh, S, and Venkatanarayanan, R.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is common metabolic disorders. Since long back
herbal medicines have been the highly respected source of medicine
therefore, they have become a growing part of modern, high-tech
medicine. The present review provides profiles of plants with
hypoglycaemic properties, available through literature source from
various database with proper categorization according to the parts
used, mode of reduction in blood glucose and active phytoconstituents
having insulin mimetics activity. From the review it was suggested
that, plant showing hypoglycemic potential mainly belongs to the
family Leguminoseae, Lamiaceae, Liliaceae, Cucurbitaceae,
Asteraceae, Moraceae, Rosaceae and Araliaceae. The most active
plants are, Gymnema sylvestre, Citrullus colocynthis, Trigonella
foenum greacum, Momordica charantia, Allium sativum. The review describes some new
bioactive drugs and isolated compounds from plants such as roseoside, epigallocatechin
gallate, beta-pyrazol-1-ylalanine, cinchonain Ib, leucocyandin 3-O-beta-d-galactosyl
cellobioside, leucopelargonidin-3- O-alpha-L rhamnoside, glycyrrhetinic acid,
dehydrotrametenolic acid, strictinin, isostrictinin, pedunculagin, epicatechin and christinin-A
showing significant insulinomimetic and antidiabetic activity with more efficacy than
conventional hypoglycaemic agents. The antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants is attributed
to the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins and other constituents
which show reduction in blood glucose levels.
Keywords: Diabetes, Acacia, Alangium, Aloe vera, Panax.
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